Ni uruhe ruhare Vitamine zigira mu bworozi bw'inkoko zitera amagi?

Uruhare rwa vitamine mukorora inkoko.

Vitamine ni ubwoko bwihariye bw'ibinyabutabire bifite uburemere buke bw'uturemangingo (organic compounds) bikenewe ku nkoko kugira ngo zikomeze kubaho, zikure kandi zikure, zigire imikorere isanzwe y'umubiri ndetse n'imikorere y'umubiri.
Inkoko ntikenera vitamine nyinshi cyane, ariko igira uruhare runini mu mikorere y'umubiri w'inkoko.
Hari udukoko duke mu nzira y’igogora ry’inkoko, kandi vitamine nyinshi ntizishobora gukorwa mu mubiri, bityo ntizishobora guhaza ibyifuzo kandi zigomba gufatwa mu byo kurya.

Iyo ibuze, izatera ikibazo mu mikorere y’ibikoresho, kudakura neza ndetse n’indwara zitandukanye, ndetse n’urupfu mu bihe bikomeye. Aborozi n’abana bato baba bakeneye vitamine nyinshi. Hari igihe inkoko zitanga amagi atari make, ariko igipimo cyo gutwita no gutwita ntabwo ari kinini, ibyo bikaba biterwa no kubura vitamine zimwe na zimwe.

1.Vitamine zishonga mu mavuta

1-1. Vitamine A (vitamine itera imbere mu mikurire)

Bishobora kugumana ubushobozi bwo kureba neza, kurinda imikorere isanzwe y’uturemangingo tw’impyiko n’imitsi, guteza imbere imikurire n’iterambere ry’inkoko, kongera ubushake bwo kurya, guteza imbere igogora, no kongera ubudahangarwa ku ndwara zandura n’udukoko.
Kubura vitamine A mu biryo bizatuma inkoko zihuma nijoro, zigakura gake, zigabanye umusaruro w’amagi, zigabanye umuvuduko wo gusama, zigabanye umuvuduko wo gutwita, zigabanye umuvuduko wo kwaguka, zigabanye ubushobozi bwo kurwanya indwara, kandi zigashobora kwandura indwara zitandukanye. Iyo vitamine A ari nyinshi mu biryo, ni ukuvuga ibipimo birenga 10.000 mpuzamahanga ku kilo, bizatuma intanga zipfa mu gihe cyo gutangira kubyara. Vitamine A ikungahaye ku mavuta y’umwijima w’ifi, kandi karoti n’ibyatsi bya alfalfa birimo carotene nyinshi.

1-2. Vitamine D

Bifitanye isano n'imikorere ya kalisiyumu na fosifore mu nyoni, bigafasha mu kwinjiza kalisiyumu na fosifore mu mara mato, bigafasha mu kugenzura isohoka rya kalisiyumu na fosifore mu mpyiko, kandi bigafasha mu gukaranga amagufwa mu buryo busanzwe.
Iyo inkoko idafite vitamine D ihagije, imyunyungugu y'umubiri irahungabana, ibi bikaba bibangamira iterambere ry'amagufwa yayo, bigatuma habaho iminkanyari, iminwa yoroshye kandi igonda, ibirenge na sternum, ibishyimbo by'amagi bito cyangwa byoroshye, kugabanuka k'umusaruro w'amagi no gucika kw'amagi, gukura nabi, ubwoya amaguru agoramye, adakomeye.
Ariko, vitamine D nyinshi ishobora gutera uburozi bw'inkoko. Vitamine D ivugwa hano yerekeza kuri vitamine D3, kuko inkoko zifite ubushobozi bukomeye bwo gukoresha vitamine D3, kandi amavuta y'umwijima w'ifi ya cod arimo D3 nyinshi.

1-3. Vitamine E

Bifitanye isano n'imikorere y'aside nucleic na redox ya enzymes, bikomeza imikorere yuzuye y'uturemangingo tw'uturemangingo, kandi bishobora guteza imbere imikorere y'ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri, bikongera ubushobozi bwo kurwanya indwara z'inkoko, kandi bikongera ingaruka zo kurwanya stress.
Kubura vitamine E mu nkoko birwara indwara ya encephalomalacia, itera ibibazo byo kubyara, umusaruro muke w'amagi no gushoka kw'amagi. Kongera vitamine E mu biryo bishobora kongera umuvuduko w'amagi, bigatera iterambere no gukura, kandi bikongera ubushobozi bw'ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri. Vitamine E iboneka cyane mu biribwa by'icyatsi, utubuto tw'ibinyampeke n'umuhondo w'igi.

1-4. Vitamine K

Ni ikintu gikenewe kugira ngo inkoko zigumane amaraso asanzwe, kandi muri rusange ikoreshwa mu gukumira no kuvura indwara zo kuva amaraso ziterwa no kubura vitamine K. Kubura vitamine K mu nkoko bikunze kurwara indwara zo kuva amaraso menshi, kumara igihe kirekire zifatana, no kwangiza imiyoboro mito y'amaraso, bishobora gutuma amaraso ava menshi. Iyo vitamine K y’ubukorikori irenze inshuro 1.000 z’ibikenewe, uburozi burabaho, kandi vitamine K iboneka cyane mu biryo by’icyatsi kibisi na soya.

2. Vitamine zishongesha mu mazi

2-1. Vitamine B1 (thiamine)

Bifitanye isano no kubungabunga imikorere ya karubohidrati n'imikorere y'imitsi y'inkoko, kandi bifitanye isano rya bugufi n'imikorere isanzwe y'igogora. Iyo ibiryo bibuze, inkoko zigaragaza kubura ubushake bwo kurya, intege nke z'imitsi, kugabanya ibiro, kubura ibiribwa n'ibindi bintu. Kubura cyane bigaragarira mu ndwara ya polyneuritis ifite umutwe uhengamye. Thiamine iboneka cyane mu biryo by'icyatsi n'ibyatsi.

2-2. Vitamine B2 (riboflavin)

Igira uruhare runini muri redox mu mubiri, igenzura uburyo ihumeka mu turemangingo, kandi ikagira uruhare mu mikorere y’ingufu na poroteyine. Iyo riboflavin idafite, imishwi ikura nabi, ifite amaguru yoroshye, ibirenge byo imbere bifite imiterere igoramye, n'umubiri muto. Riboflavin iboneka cyane mu biribwa by'icyatsi kibisi, ifu y'ibyatsi, umusemburo, ifu y'amafi, ifu y'ingano n'ingano.

2-3. Vitamine B3 (aside pantothenique)

Bifitanye isano na karubohidrati, poroteyine n'ibinure, dermatitis iyo ibuze, ubwoya bukabije, kudakura neza, amagufwa magufi kandi manini, kubaho nabi, umutima n'umwijima, kudakora neza kw'imitsi, kwiyongera k'ingingo z'amavi, nibindi. Aside ya Pantothenic ntihindagurika cyane kandi yoroshye kwangirika iyo ivanze n'ibiryo, bityo umunyu wa kalisiyumu ukunze gukoreshwa nk'inyongera. Aside ya Pantothenic iboneka cyane mu musemburo, mu ngano no mu bimera.

2-4. Vitamine pp (niasine)

Ni igice cy'ingenzi cya enzymes, ihinduka nicotinamide mu mubiri, igira uruhare mu mikorere ya redox mu mubiri, kandi igira uruhare runini mu kubungabunga imikorere isanzwe y'uruhu n'ingingo z'igogora. Ubukene bw'inkoko ni bwinshi, kubura ubushake bwo kurya, gukura buhoro, amababa mabi no gucika, amagufwa y'amaguru agongamye, n'umuvuduko muke wo kubaho; kubura inkoko zikuze, umuvuduko wo gukora amagi, ubwiza bw'ibishishwa by'amagi, umuvuduko wo gusohora byose biragabanuka. Ariko, niacin nyinshi mu biryo itera gupfa kw'intanga no kugabanuka kw'amagi. Niacin iboneka cyane mu musemburo, ibishyimbo, ibishyimbo, ibimera by'icyatsi, n'ifunguro ry'amafi.